BIBLE, Sergeant Eileen Pearl (W300680 - since promoted to FS) - British Empire Medal

The unit in which this NCO is serving is one of a chain providing essential Radar assistance to British and American bombers in the Western Front. He is a radar mechanic who displayed exceptional resourcefulness during the difficult period of evacuation from the Laroche area, when the site was overrun by the enemy in the Ardennes battle in December, 1944, until the station was refitted and made operational in the neighbourhood of Flarennes a week later. It was mainly due to his efforts that the crew succeeded in building an erecting the 105-foot tower making the stat fully serviceable within two days of arrival on the Flarennes site in difficult and severe weather. By his enthusiasm and devotion to duty this airman has brought into being an exceptionally keen team spirit amongst the members of his crew.

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BIDDELL, F/O Francis Henry (J28345) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.429 Squadron - Award effective 5 April 1945 as per London Gazette dated 13 April 1945 and AFRO 824/45 dated 18 May 1945. Born in Regina; home there (student); enlisted there 21 August 1941. Trained at No.4 ITS (graduated 12 February 1942), No.18 EFTS (graduated 10 April 1942) and No.7 SFTS (graduated 28 August 1942). Commissioned July 1943. Shot down and taken prisoner, 15 January 1945. Award presented 1 December 1948. No citation other than "completed...numerous operations against the enemy in the course of which [he has] invariably displayed the utmost courage and devotion to duty." DHist file 181.009 D.2610 (RG.24 Vol.20627) has recommendation dated 18 December 1944 when he had flown 27 sorties (155 hours ten minutes), 7 August to 5 December 1944.

This officer, as captain of aircraft, has participated in 27 attacks on enemy targets, including many attacks on the heavily defended areas of the Ruhr. He has at all times shown great skill and aptitude as a pilot and as captain of his crew has by his example inspired them continually. He has a fine offensive spirit which has been shown by his determination to press on and come to grips with the enemy in spite of all difficulties. It is considered that this officer's record of operations, combined with his skill as a pilot, fully merit the award of the Distinguished Flying Cross.

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BIDEN, F/O Douglas Edmund (J24434) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.405 Squadron - Award effective 16 February 1944 as per London Gazette dated 29 February 1944 and AFRO 644/44 dated 24 March 1944. Born 1921 in Moncton, new Brunswick; home there; enlisted there 11 September 1940. Trained at No.2 ITS (graduated 31 October 1940), No.6 EFTS (graduated 23 December 19410) and No.4 SFTS (graduated 7 March 1941). Commissioned 1943. To UK early 1945. Served in postwar RCAF. Award presented 10 January 1946. See Air Force, Volume XII, No.4 (January-February 1989), "Nine lives".

This officer was the pilot of an aircraft which attacked Berlin one night in January 1944. When nearing the enemy coast the aircraft was hit by anti-aircraft fire. One engine was put out of action, two petrol tanks were pierced and the electrical system failed. Shortly afterward a fighter was encountered. Before the enemy aircraft could be evaded the bomber was repeatedly hit by machine gun fire. The hydraulic system was damaged, causing the bomb doors to open and rendering the gun turrets unserviceable. Other damage was also sustained. Nevertheless, Flying Officer Biden succeeded in reaching an airfield where he effected a masterly crash landing. In harassing circumstances this officer displayed skill, courage and determination of a high order.

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BIDULIAK, LAC Iwan (R113386) - Mention in Despatches - No.405 Squadron - Award effective 1 January 1945 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 425/45 dated 9 March 1945. Home in Shalka, Alberta; enlisted Edmonton, 18 July 1941.

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BIECH, P/O Alfred Theodore (J17040) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.425 Squadron - Award effective 20 September 1943 as per London Gazette dated 1 October 1943 and AFRO 2258/43 dated 5 November 1943. Born in Buderheim, Alberta; home in British Columbia or Gunn, Alberta; enlisted Edmonton, 10 July 1941. Trained at No.2 ITS (graduated 9 October 1941), No.3 BGS (graduated 28 February 1942), No.7 AOS (graduated 16 January 1942) and No.1 ANS (graduated 4 April 1942). Commissioned 1943. Award presented 11 August 1944.

This officer has participated as navigator in many successful sorties. Several of these have been completed in the face of heavy opposition over German and Italian targets. Throughout these operations he has at all times displayed a high degree of courage, skill and initiative setting a fine example to his crew.

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BIELINSKI, WO2 Bernie Joseph (R102428) - Mention in Despatches - No.10 (BR) Squadron (now No.167 Squadron) - Award effective 8 June 1944 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 1380/44 dated 30 June 1944. Born at Tyllymet, Saskatchewan; educated Ituna public and high school; home in Ituna. Enlisted in Regina, 23 May 1941. Trained at No.5 BGS (graduated 16 March 1942) and No.3 WS (graduated 12 February 1942). As of award had flown 1,007:20 hours, 851:05 operational hours (94 sorties). DHist file 181.009 D.1122 (RG.24 Vol.20595) has application for 1939-1943 Star dated 10 July 1944 indicating he had flown with No.10 (BR) Squadron from 24 April 1942 to 15 February 1944; first operational sorties on 27 April 1942.

This wireless operator/air gunner has completed many hours of operational flying throughout which he has displayed exceptional ability and devotion to duty. During two attacks on enemy submarines his accurate and sustained fire throughout the entire action in the face of strong resistance, contributed largely to the success of the attacks.

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BIGELOW, F/O William John (J28036) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.434 Squadron - Award effective 10 May 1945 as per London Gazette dated 22 May 1945 and AFRO 1147/45 dated 13 July 1945. Born 1918 in Smith's Falls, Ontario; home in Ottawa (banker, ex-Royal Canadian Artillery); enlisted Montreal, 21 April 1942. Trained at No.5 ITS (graduated 5 December 1942) and No.9 AOS (graduated 9 July 1943). Commissioned 1943. Navigator in S/L G.E. Nickerson's crew. Award presented 10 December 1947. No citation other than "completed... numerous operations against the enemy in the course of which [he has] invariably displayed the utmost fortitude, courage and devotion to duty". DHist file 181.009 D.1941 (RG.24 Vol.20612) has recommendation dated 15 January 1945 when he had flown 34 sorties (163 hours 40 minutes), 4 June to 27 November 1944.

An outstanding navigator, Flying Officer Bigelow has completed a tour of operations totalling thirty-four sorties. This officer has continuously exhibited skill and reliability worthy of high praise. He has at all times displayed a high degree of resolution and devotion to duty, his accurate navigation contributing in a large measure to the successful completion of a tour of operations.

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BIGGS, LAC Eldon Stanley (R217776) - Commended for Valuable Services - No.10 Bombing and Gunnery School - Award effective 4 November 1944 as per London Gazette dated 7 November 1944 and AFRO 2479/44 dated 17 November 1944. Home in Montreal; enlisted there 27 April 1943. Recommendation submitted 21 September 1944, noting that incident occurred on 8 July 1944, Battle 1842. As of that time, Biggs has flown 227 hours as drogue operator.

This airman was the drogue operator in a Fairey Battle aircraft which was carrying out drogue tour [tug ?] operations one day recently. Whilst streaming the drogue the electric winch sheared its holding down pin and shifted to the port side of the fuselage, jamming the controls. The aircraft commenced a shallow dive and the pilot found he was unable to move the controls. He then instructed this airman to cut the drogue cable, but this did not free the controls. With great determination and presence of mind, Leading Aircraftman Biggs finally freed the controls by pounding the winch clear, in doing which he suffered severe lacerations to his hands. The courage and resourcefulness displayed by this airman in preventing the loss of the aircraft and possible injury or loss of life to its crew in most praiseworthy and a fine example to all ranks.

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BIGGS, F/L Herbert Darrell (J36325) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.405 Squadron - Award as per London Gazette dated 8 October 1946 and AFRO 1059/46 dated 8 November 1946. Home in Wingham, Ontario; enlisted Toronto, 7 August 1942. Trained at No.2 ITS (graduated 15 May 1943) and No.4 AOS (graduated 1 October 1943). Award presented Toronto, 30 November 1949.

Flight Lieutenant Biggs was navigator of an aircraft which was shot down over Germany in December 1944. He remained a prisoner until the end of the war. Prior to this he had completed a large number of operational sorties against major and heavily defended targets in Germany. A number of these attacks were against distant objectives and involved long hours of flying over enemy territory. Throughout his operational career Flight Lieutenant Biggs displayed great keenness and fine leadership. Both in the air and on the ground his courage and devotion to duty were invariably worthy of the highest praise.

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BIGORAY, FS William Walter (R93566) - Distinguished Flying Medal - No.1474 Flight, RAF - Award effective 29 December 1942 as per London Gazette dated 12 January 1943 and AFRO 232/43 dated 12 February 1943. Born 1918 in Redwater, Alberta; home there (labourer); enlisted Edmonton, 15 March 1941. Trained at No.2 WS (graduated 8 November 1941) and No.8 BGS (graduated 9 December 1941). Cited with P/O E.A. Paulton (RCAF), DFC. Award presented 13 April 1943. For further details see Paulton entry.

Pilot Officers Jordan and Paulton and Flight Sergeant Bigoray have displayed great gallantry, fortitude and devotion to duty in exceptionally hazardous circumstances.

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BILES, Sergeant (now Pilot Officer) Norman John (R113809/C51455) - Distinguished Flying Medal - No.161 (Bomber Reconnaissance) Squadron - Award effective 21 April 1945 as per Canada Gazette of that date, London Gazette dated 24 April 1945 and AFRO 802/45 dated 11 May 1945. Home in Naskwooksis, New Brunswick; enlisted in Moncton, 28 July 1941. When recommended he had flown 1,204 hours, 1,006 on operations (113 sorties). Award sent by registered mail.

This non-commissioned officer has completed more than a thousand hours of operational flying and has taken part in over a hundred operational sorties over the North Atlantic area. A flight engineer of outstanding ability, he has repeatedly shown skill and determination of the highest order. His enthusiasm and devotion to duty are a source of inspiration to all members of his crew and squadron.

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BILL, P/O Edward James Davin (J87292) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.635 Squadron - Award effective 4 November 1944 as per London Gazette dated 17 November 1944 and AFRO 239/45 dated 9 February 1945. Born 1924 in Vancouver; home there (cadet); enlisted there 23 February 1942. Trained at No.2 ITS (graduated 20 August 1942), No.2 BGS (graduated 12 December 1942) and No.7 AOS (graduated 5 February 1943). Commissioned 1944. Award presented at Sea Island, 22 October 1949. No citation other than "completed...numerous operations against the enemy in the course of which [he has] invariably displayed the utmost fortitude, courage and devotion to duty." Public Records Office Air 2/8823 has recommendation dated 19 August 1944 when he had flown 34 sorties (169 hours 30 minutes).

2 Jan 44 Berlin (6.50) 3 May 44 Montdidier (3.10)

5 Jan 44 Stettin (9.05) 8 May 44 Haine St.Pierre (2.40)

30 Jan 44 Berlin (6.45) 31 May 44 Trappes (4.15)

15 Feb 44 Berlin (7.10) 6 June 44 Longues (3.40)

19 Feb 44 Leipzig (6.30) 7 June 44 Foret de Cerisy (3.40)

20 Feb 44 Stuttgart (6.10) 8 Jun 44 Fougeres (4.10)

24 Feb 44 Schweinfurt (7.00) 27 Jun 44 Oisemont (3.00)

18 Mar 44 Frankfurt (5.00) 7 July 44 Caen (3.05)

24 Mar 44 Berlin (6.20) 8 July 44 L'Hey (2.20)

31 Mar 44 Nuremburg (7.00) 9 July 44 Nucourt (3.25)

18 Apr 44 Rouen (3.30) 14 Jul 44 Revigny-sur-Ornain (7.10)

20 Apr 44 Ottignies (2.50) 15 Jul 44 Nucourt (3.30)

22 Apr 44 Laon (3.50) 18 Jul 44 Wesseling (3.40)

24 Apr 44 Karlsruhr (6.00) 23 Jul 44 Kiel (4.35)

26 Apr 44 Villeneuve St. 24 Jul 44 Stuttgart (7.20)

Georges (4.00) 25 Jul 44 Stuttgart (7.30)

27 Apr 44 Friedrichshaven (7.00) 28 Jul 44 Hamburg (4.30)

1 May 44 Malines (2.20)

This officer has completed over 30 sorties as a Bomb Aimer in a heavy bomber squadron; the accuracy and unflagging efforts that he has put into his work have contributed to a very large extent to the successes obtained by his crew.

The work and keenness of this officer has set a very high standard in the squadron, and I consider him worthy of the highest praise.

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BILLINGS, WO1 (now P/O) John (R92420/J35981) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.10 (BR) Squadron - Award effective 8 June 1944 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 1380/44 dated 30 June 1944. Born 17 April 1922 at Vancouver; educated there. Employed by a cannery; enlisted Vancouver, 3 March 1941. Trained at No.4 ITS (graduated 26 Jul 1941), No.8 EFTS (graduated 13 September 1941), and No.3 SFTS (graduated 5 December 1941). As of recommendation for award had 1,317:30 hours flying time (599:30 operational, 63 sorties). Award presented 26 February 1945.

This pilot has completed many hours of operational flying in the North Atlantic area. As co-pilot on one occasion he sighted a surfaced enemy submarine and his plane attacked in the face of heavy anti-aircraft fire. Despite the fact that one engine was shot dead by flak, and his Navigator wounded, he carried out a well executed attack. After his depth charges were released, he continued to circle the U-Boat to allow his gunners to engage the enemy and then safely brought the aircraft back to base on three engines. He has set a splendid example as co-captain and pilot. His coolness and ability have been outstanding throughout his operational service.

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BILLINGS, LAC William Edward (R82216) - British Empire Medal - No.31 SFTS - Award effective 19 June 1943 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 1459/43 dated 30 July 1943. Born in Ottawa; home in Iroquois, Ontario; enlisted Ottawa 10 December 1940. Award presented 1 April 1944.

Immediately following an aircraft crash at Gananoque, Ontario, despite the fact that the aircraft was in flames, LAC Billings, with total disregard of the imminent danger to himself, dashed to the pilot's aid. With great difficulty, due to the fuselage being upside down and having to crash in the hood panel, and managed to get the pilot out and put out the fire around the pilot's legs, which had been badly burned. He succeeded in undoing the pilot's harness, pulled him out of the cockpit and clear of the furiously burning machine. By his prompt and courageous action and complete disregard for his own safety this airman undoubtedly saved the pilot's life.

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BILLINGSLEY, F/O Harry George (J22744) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.434 Squadron - Award effective 1 December 1944 as per London Gazette dated 8 December 1944 and AFRO 337/45 dated 23 February 1945. Born 1923 in Seattle, Washington; home in Vancouver (stenographer); enlisted there 16 October 1941. Trained at No.7 ITS, No.2 EFTS, No.1 BGS (graduated 27 December 1942) and No.9 AOS (graduated 22 January 1943). Commissioned 1943. Award presented 29 January 1947. Navigator in crew of F/L W.G. Wright. No citation other than "..in recognition of gallantry and devotion to duty in the execution of air operations against the enemy...numerous operations against the enemy in the course of which [he] invariably displayed the utmost fortitude, courage and devotion to duty." DHist file 181.009 D.3080 (RG.24 Vol.20636) has undated recommendation; as of this he had flown 40 sorties (199 hours 50 minutes), 15 March to 27 August 1944. Notable sorties had been 27 April 1944 (Montsen, five hours 15 minutes, Ju.88 destroyed), 11 May 1944 (Boulogne, one hour 30 minutes, incomplete when starboard outer went unserviceable and port inner caught fire) and 27 June 1944 (Wisernes, three hours 25 minutes, attacked by FW.190).

This officer, a navigator, has completed 40 sorties against the enemy and by his skilful direction, has navigated his aircraft on many distant minelaying operations and such other targets as Amiens, Montzen, St.Nazaire and Brest. An outstanding member of air crew, he has contributed to the high morale of his fellow navigators. Inspiring confidence in his crew, he was largely responsible for vicious and telling blows against the enemy. In recognition of Flying Officer Billingsley's cool, calm devotion to duty and his undaunted bravery, I strongly recommend that he be awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross.

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BILLYARD, Corporal George William (R85274) - Mention in Despatches - No.64 Base - Award effective 1 January 1946 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 418/46 dated 18 April 1946. Home in Yorkton, Saskatchewan. Enlisted in Regina, 22 January 1941. Identified in AFRO as "Overseas". McEwen papers (CWM) with list of recommendations with MiD recommendations for 1 February to 31 July 1945 identifies unit. No citation in AFRO or biographical file. DHist file 181.009 D.4364 (RG.24 Vol.20648) confirms unit and has recommendation submitted 5 May 1945. Had spent 12 months in Canada, 39 months overseas.

Corporal Billyard is to be highly commended for his work in connection with the investigation of crashed aircraft Lancaster X KB762 of 419 Squadron. This aircraft was being flown on a training flight on April 23rd. The pilot had some difficulty in lowering the undercarriage and used the emergency air lowering system. After landing and while the aircraft was being taxied to the hangar the undercarriage suddenly collapsed without warning, damaging the aircraft beyond repair (Cat. E.1) and causing injury to the Flight Engineer.

Corporal Billyard established the fact that aircraft undercarriage is still operative with the use of the hydraulic system in spite of the use of the emergency air system on Lancaster X aircraft, thereby bringing to light an amendment to existing Pilots' Instruction that will be the saving of lives and aircraft on "loaded" forced landings.

On the basis of Corporal Billyard's findings, recommendations have been made to higher authority that the instructions to Lancaster pilots be amended to prevent recurrence of this accident.

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BILTON, Matron Doris Annetta (C5408) - Associate, Royal Red Cross - Station Trenton - Award effective 13 June 1946 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 660/46 dated 5 July 1946. Home in Guelph, Ontario; enlisted in Toronto, 26 May 1941. Award presented 19 November 1948.

Matron Bilton has given long service both in Canada and overseas where she worked in areas of danger under air attack. At all times her services have been rendered with devotion beyond the normal call of duty. The sympathetic and expert care she has given to patients has always been a comfort and inspiration to both patients and her associates.

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BING, F/O Leslie Patrick Stanford (J15465) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No. 89 Squadron - Award effective 20 July 1942 as per London Gazette dated 28 July 1942 and AFRO 1413/42 dated 4 September 1942. Born 1920 in Regina; home there or Winnipeg; enlisted Regina, 18 September 1939. Trained at No.1 WS and No.2 BGS. Commissioned 1942. Radar observer for Fumerton. Involved in the following successful actions: 1/2 September 1941, one Ju.88 destroyed; 7/8 September 1941, one He.111 damaged; 7 April 1942, two He.111s destroyed; 1/2 July 1942, one Ju.88 destroyed; 2/3 July 1942, one Ju.88 destroyed. For additional details see H.A. Halliday, The Tumbling Sky. Award presented with Bar, 10 April 1944. Remained in postwar RCAF; commanded No.423 (All Weather) Squadron, 1 November 1954 to 14 August 1955.

Flying Officer Bing has displayed courage and outstanding skill. He has taken part in the destruction of ten enemy aircraft at night. Flying Officer Bing has set a magnificent example to other observers.

BING, F/O Leslie Patrick, DFC (J15465) - Bar to Distinguished Flying Cross - No.89 Squadron - Award effective 4 February 1943 as per London Gazette dated 16 February 19423 and AFRO 410/43 dated 12 March 1943.

Since being awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross this officer has continued to display great courage and skill. He has now taken part in the destruction of eleven enemy aircraft at night. On a recent occasion the aircraft in which he was flying was forced to descend on to the sea and it was two and a half hours before Flying Officer Bing and his pilot were rescued.

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BION, Sergeant Pierre Cecil (R58350) - British Empire Medal - No.7 Squadron (AFRO days only "Attached to RAF Overseas") - Award effective 13 August 1942 as per London Gazette dated 14 August 1942 and AFRO 1497/42 dated 18 September 1942. Born 22 November 1913 in Ganges, British Columbia; home there; enlisted Vancouver, 17 July 1940. Trained at No.2 ITS (graduated 13 October 1940), No.2 WS (graduated 16 February 1941) and No.3 BGS (graduated and promoted Sergeant, 17 March 1941). Struck off strength to RAF overseas, 4 June 1941. Commissioned 19 November 1943 (J44113); repatriated to Canada that same date. Subsequently served in postwar RCAF (service number 26425).

One night in May 1942, Sergeant Bion was the air gunner of an aircraft which was recalled through bad weather. The pilot attempted to land but collided with some high trees on the hillside. The aircraft immediately caught fire. Sergeant Bion managed to extricate himself from the aircraft and assisted the wireless operator, who, whilst in a very dazed condition, was endeavouring to get free. Having taken him to safety, Sergeant Bion returned to the burning aircraft and with the assistance of the navigator extricated another member of the crew, who had been trapped in the second pilot's seat. Leaving the navigator to attend to this member, Sergeant Bion returned to the aircraft and, unaided, extricated the pilot, who was suffering from a compound fracture of the left leg and was unable to move, and carried him to a place of safety. Unfortunately the pilot died a few hours later. Sergeant Bion, who has sustained lacerations, abrasions and an injury to his left knee, displayed presence of mind and complete disregard for his own safety whilst performing his gallant rescue work.

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BIRCH, W/C Douglas Clarkson (C2421) - Member, Order of the British Empire - RCAF Overseas Headquarters - Award effective 1 January 1946 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 82/46 dated 25 January 1946. Home in Vancouver' enlisted there 15 August 1940. Award presented 21 February 1948.

This officer has shown outstanding ability and devotion to duty in the organization and administration of staffs of the Royal Canadian Air Force Overseas over a long period of time. His excellent work has done much to ensure the efficiency and well being of Royal canadian Air Force personnel serving in Overseas was theatres.

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BIRCH, S/L Fred (C2698) - Mention in Despatches - Eastern Air Command Headquarters - Award effective 1 January 1946 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 82/46 dated 25 January 1946. Home in Winnipeg. Enlisted 9 September 1940 with No.112 Squadron (then overseas).

This officer's service is exemplary of a long tour of duty efficiently rendered. Throughout he has taken a keen interest in his work, particularly coastal operations in the Atlantic. Through his untiring efforts and personality, a high degree of efficiency has been attained and maintained throughout Eastern Air Command. In addition, his liaison with the Training Staffs has been of the highest order and resulted in many improvements of training due to his never-failing co-operation.

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BIRCH, F/O John Oswald (J23888) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.103 Squadron - Award effective 26 September 1944 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 2373/44 dated 3 November 1944. Born 1920 in Winnipeg; home in Toronto; enlisted there 21 January 1942. Trained at No.6 ITS (graduated 31 July 1942), No.12 EFTS and No.2 SFTS (graduated 19 February 1943). Commissioned 1943. Award sent by registered mail 19 December 1945.

One night in July 1944 this officer was pilot and captain of an aircraft detailed to attack Stuttgart. At the commencement of the bombing run the aircraft was hit by anti-aircraft fire. The starboard fin and rudder and a portion of the tailplane and elevator were shot away. The mid-upper and rear turrets were rendered unserviceable. A fuel tank was pierced whilst much damage was sustained to the control surfaces. In spite of this, Flying Officer Birch executed his attack. On the long flight home it was very difficult to maintain control and it was necessary for another member of the crew to assist by maintaining pressure on the rudder controls but an airfield was eventually reached and a safe landing effected. In most difficult circumstances, Flying Officer Birch displayed notable skill, courage and tenacity.

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BIRCHALL, W/C Kenneth (C1592) - Air Force Cross - No.2 Bombing and Gunnery School - Award effective 14 June 1945 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 1127/45 dated 6 July 1945. Born in Ottawa, 17 March 1916; educated in Vancouver and at Ottawa Technical School. Enlisted 15 November 1939 in Dartmouth, N.S. Had completed 1,502 hours flying as of date of award. Award presented 1 April 1949. Personal memoires of 1937-1940 flying in June 1985 issue of Journal of the Canadian Aviation Historical Society.

Wing Commander Birchall, during the period of his employment as chief instructor at No.2 Bombing and Gunnery School, has produced outstanding results in training efficiency. Through devotion to duty and untiring effort he contributed in great measure to raising and maintaining the efficiency and morale of this station at a very high level. His service has been outstanding for the past five years and during that period he has made a valuable contribution to the prosecution of the war.

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BIRCHALL, S/L Leonard Joseph (C775) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.413 Squadron - Award effective 13 May 1943 as per London Gazette dated 18 May 1943 and AFRO 1078/43 dated 11 June 1943. Born 6 July 1915 in St.Catharines, Ontario; home in St.Johns, Ontario. Served in Lincoln Regiment (1932-1933); enrolled in Royal Military College, 1933; to Royal Canadian Corps of Signals in 1934 and RCAF (P/P/O, 5 July 1937). Received wings, 20 May 1938 and posted to No.5 (BR) Squadron, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. Signal specialist with Eastern Air Command Headquarters, 1940; Chief Navigation Officer at No.2 Training Command, Winnipeg, 1941. Posted to No.413 Squadron, Shetland Islands, 1941; shot down and taken prisoner, 5 April 1942; became Senior Allied Officer, POW work camp, Yokohama. Repatriated to Canada in October 1945. Director of Personnel Administration, AFHQ, 1946; Member of U.S. Prosecuting Team at War Crimes Trials, Japan, 1947. As a Group Captain he became Assistant Attache to Canadian Joint Staff in Washington, 1948; appointed CO of Station Goose Bay, 1950; to Air Material Command Headquarters, 1952; to Canadian NATO Delegation in Paris, 1954; to be CO of Station North Bay, 1958; promoted to Air Commodore in 1960 and made Chief of Operations at AFHQ; to be Commandant of Royal Military College, 1963; released 1967. DFC and OBE presented 29 April 1949. Awarded Queen's Coronation Medal, 23 October 1953 while Group Captain at Air Material Command Headquarters. Appointed Honourary Colonel, No.413 Squadron, June 1989. Toronto Star, 13 August 1994 reported his being assigned to Ceylon that month to monitor elections there. See also RMC Club Newsletter (November 1982), Air Force (issues for March, June and September 1983); "Trenton to Dartmouth; An Anecdotal Account of Flying in the RCAF, 1937-1940" in Journal of the Canadian Aviation Historical Society, Volume XXIII No.2 (June 1985).

This officer was the first to sight and report the approach of the Japanese naval forces which attacked Ceylon. His timely warning enabled preparations to be made which resulted in considerable losses to the enemy. Squadron Leader Birchall had recently arrived from England where he has had many operational successes.

NOTE: The original recommendation is found in Public Record Office Air 2/8951. There is no date for when W/C Plant drafted it, but the Air Officer Commanding, No.222 Group, endorsed it on 8 August 1942. The text (differing little from that which was gazetted) read:.

This officer was the first to sight and report the approach of the Japanese naval forces which attacked Ceylon. He did not return from his mission, but his timely warning enabled preparations to be made which resulted in considerable losses to the enemy forces. Only two days before this flight he had arrived from England where he had achieved a long record of operational successes.

BIRCHALL, W/C Leonard Joseph, DFC (C775) - Officer, Order of the British Empire - No.413 Squadron - Award effective 2 February 1946 as per London Gazette dated 5 February 1946 and AFRO 280/46 dated 15 March 1946.

In April 1942, this officer was shot down and captured after sending out the warning from his patrolling seaplane that a large force of Japanese warships was approaching Ceylon. Throughout his three and a half years as a prisoner of war, Wing Commander Birchall, as Senior Allied Officer in the prisoner of war camps in which he was located, continually displayed the utmost concern for the welfare of his fellow prisoners. On many occasions, with complete disregard for his own safety, he prevented, as far as possible, Japanese officials of various camps from sadistically beating his men and denying prisoners the medical attention which they so urgently needed. Typical of his splendid gallantry was when in the Niigato Camp, he called a sit-down strike in protest against ill-treatment of his men. On another occasion when the Japanese wanted to send some sick prisoners of war to work, Wing Commander Birchall found it necessary, at great personal risk, to forcibly prevent the Japanese non-commissioned officer in charge from making these prisoners work. As a result, Wing Commander Birchall spent several days in solitary confinement. Nevertheless, the sick prisoners of war did not have to work. Knowing that each time he forcibly intervened on behalf of his men he would receive brutal punishment, Wing Commander Birchall continually endeavoured to improve the lot of his fellow prisoners. He also maintained detailed records of personnel in his camps along with death certificates of deceased personnel. The consistent gallantry and glowing devotion to his fellow prisoners of war that this officer displayed throughout his lengthy period of imprisonment are in keeping with the finest traditions of the Royal Canadian Air Force.

BIRCHALL, G/C Leonard Joseph (C775) - Officer, Legion of Merit (United States) - awarded as per AFRO 443/50 dated 8 September 1950.

Group Captain Leonard J. Birchall, Royal Canadian Air Force, distinguished himself by exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services from 4 April 1942 to 20 June 1950. As Senior Officer in the Japanese Prisoner of War Camp at Yokohama, Group Captain (then Wing Commander) Birchall worked tirelessly and fearlessly to improve the physical and mental welfare of British, American and Canadian prisoners under his command. His exploits became legendary throughout Japan and brought renewed faith and strength to many hundreds of ill and disheartened prisoners. Subsequent to his liberation he contributed information and material of inestimable value in connection with war crimes investigations. More recently, as Deputy to the Air Member, Canadian Joint Staff, Washington, D.C., Group Captain Birchall has constantly demonstrated a superior understanding of the relationship between the United States Air Force and the Royal Canadian Air Force and his sound judgement, tact and unfailing spirit of cooperation have materially assisted the Permanent Joint Board on Defence, Canada-United States in the accomplishment of its mission

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BIRCHNALL, FS (now WO2) Robert (R66267) - British Empire Medal - RCAF Overseas Headquarters - Award effective 1 January 1946 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 82/46 dated 25 January 1946. Home in Stamford Centre. Enlisted at Niagara Falls, Ontario, 12 October 1940. Award sent by registered mail 8 June 1948.

This non-commissioned officer has served overseas in the Casualty Records Branch for over three years. His diligence and aptitude in this trying work has resulted in his employment in every section of the Branch, with the result that he has been appointed Senior non-commissioned officer in charge of the General Office. He has willingly and cheerfully worked many long hours and never failed in his sympathetic understanding of the necessity for transmitting casualty information with despatch and accuracy. His unflagging attention to detail and his courteous manner have proved an excellent example to all airmen with whom he has been associated.

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BIRK, Corporal John Rudolph (R114455) - No.437 Squadron (AFRO gives unit only as "Overseas") - Award effective 1 January 1946 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 155/46 dated 15 February 1946. Home in Hamilton; enlisted There 24 July 1941. DHist file 181.009 D.4855 (RG.24 Vol.20657) has recommendation dated 9 June 1945. Second in charge of Orderly Room.

This airman joined the squadron on its formation and for a considerable length of time was required to work at extremely high pressure. Despite his arduous task, never once did he fail to carry out his duties in a manner comparable with the highest standards of the service. Corporal Birk's loyalty, efficiency and devotion to duty has been at all times an example of the highest order.

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BIRKENES, WO Ronald Herbert (R60572) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.462 Squadron - Award effective 10 January 1944 as per London Gazette dated 18 January 1944 and AFRO 410/44 dated 25 February 1944. Born 1921 in Garnangay, Alberta; home in Armada, Alberta (draughtsman); enlisted Calgary 12 October 1940. Trained at No.5 BGS (graduated 23 June 1941) and No.2 WS (graduated 26 May 1941). Award sent by registered mail 11 March 1949 to Turner Valley.

This Warrant Officer has taken part in a number of operational missions as bomb aimer. On every occasion, by excellent map reading and accurate bombing, he has obtained consistently goods results, which have been proved by the photographs obtained. Warrant Officer Birkensen has at all times shown the utmost determination and keenness on operations and has set a fine example to other members of aircrew.

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BIRKLAND, F/L Henry (J5233) - Mention in Despatches - No.72 Squadron (deceased) - Award effective 8 June 1944 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 1729/44 dated 11 August 1944. Home in Calgary; enlisted Vancouver. Trained at No.1 ITS (graduated 15 November 1940), No.11 EFTS (graduated 5 January 1941) and No.9 SFTS (graduated 26 April 1941). Missing, POW, 7 November 1941 (Spitfire W3367). Died as a POW, 25 March 1944 (shot following the Great Escape). No citation in AFRO.

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BISHOP, F/O Albert Alton (J7747) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.423 Squadron - Award effective 4 August 1943 as per London Gazette dated 14 September 1943 and AFRO 240/44 dated 4 February 1944. Born in Alberta, 1917; home in Erskins, Alberta; enlisted Edmonton, 17 December 1940. Trained at No.2 ITS (graduated 29 April 1941), No.18 EFTS (graduated 3 July 1941) and No.12 SFTS (graduated 23 September 1941). Commissioned 1941. Photo PL-21344 shows him.The incident mentioned was sinking of U-489 on 4 August 1943. DHist file 181.009 D.2279 (RG.24 Vol.20623) has his application for Operational Wings, dated 9 March 1945 when he was at Station Patricia Bay. He had joined No.423 Squadron on 12 July 1942 and left on 8 March 1944; first sortie on 27 October 1942 (nine hours 40 minutes) and flew a total of 42 sorties (530 hours 15 minutes) with last sortie on 9 October 1943 (retained on squadron as Assistant Flight Commander although medical officer forbade further operations). Longest sorties were October 4th, 1943 (16 hours 35 minutes), June 30th, 1943 (16 hours five minutes), July 9th 1943 (16 hours) and July 16th (15 hours 40 minutes). Incredibly, the application was turned down by RCAF Records, Ottawa (16 April 1945 for "insufficient number of operational hours" !

This officer captained an aircraft which attacked a U-Boat and caused its destruction. During the action the aircraft was extensively damaged and later it came down on to the sea. Whilst in the water Flying Officer Bishop swam to the aid of one of his comrades who had been wounded and was without a life-saving jacket and unable to swim. Flying Officer Bishop supported his comrade until they were taken from the water by a naval vessel. This officer displayed gallantry and determination of a high order.

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BISHOP, F/L (now S/L) Archibald Ward (J5121) - Commended for Valuable Services - No.12 Communications Squadron - Award effective 23 February 1946 as per London Gazette date 26 February 1946 and AFRO 280/46 dated 15 March 1946. Enlisted in Niagara Falls, Ontario, 22 July 1940. Trained at No.1 ITS (graduated 9 December 1940), No.12 EFTS (graduated 28 January 1941), and No.6 SFTS (graduated 22 April 1941).

This officer has been given many difficult tasks, all of which he has performed in an admirable manner. Some of these consisted of trips of several thousand miles with immediate returns and no opportunity for sleep on his part, but these were nevertheless carried out safely and efficiently. He has consistently set a high example to those serving under him in his ready and willing acceptance of any task placed before him.

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BISHOP, FS (now P/O) Arthur Adelbert (R76038/J15819) - Distinguished Flying Medal - No.7 Squadron - Award effective 2 November 1942 as per London Gazette dated 6 November 1942 and AFRO 272/43 dated 19 February 1943. Born 18 June 1922 in New Mines, Nova Scotia, 1922; home there (student); enlisted Halifax, 9 October 1940. Trained at No.1 ITS (graduated 14 January 1941), No.3 EFTS (graduated 5 March 1941) and No.6 SFTS (graduated 3 July 1941). Pilot to Joe Emery. Award presented 16 March 1943.

Flight Sergeant Bishop, captain of an aircraft, has attacked the majority of the heavily defended industrial areas in Germany. He has consistently displayed skill and courage of the highest degree.

Public Records Office Air 2/9604 has recommendation dated 17 September 1942 when he had flown 31 sorties (157 hours) in much greater detail:

* described on sortie sheet as "fire raising"

8 Apr 42 GARDENING 25 June 42 Bremen

10 Apr 42 Le Havre 30 June 42 Bremen*

12 Apr 42 Le Havre 16 July 42 Lubeck (daylight)

13 Apr 42 Dortmund 19 July 42 Vegesack*

23 Apr 42 Rostock* 25 July 42 Duisburg*

25 Apr 42 Rostock* 28 July 42 Hamburg, returned early,

27 Apr 42 Cologne* rear turret unserviceable

5 May 42 Stuttgart* 31 July 42 Dusseldorf

8 May 42 GARDENING, Baltic 6 Aug 42 Duisburg, early return

9 May 42 Rostock 17 Aug 42 Osnabruck*

19 May 42 Mannheim 18 Aug 42 Flensburg

21 May 42 GARDENING, 24 Aug 42 Frankfurt*

Bay of Biscay 28 Aug 42 Kassel*

31 May 42 Cologne* 2 Sept 42 Karlsruhe*

1 June 42 Essen* 5 Sept 42 Bremen*

22 June 42 St.Nazaire 9 Sept 42 Frankfurt*

23 June 42 St.Nazaire

During the time Flight Sergeant Bishop has been captain of an aircraft he has carried out 17 operational sorties against Bremen, Hamburg, Duisburg, Dusseldorf and other heavily defended industrial targets in Germany. Six of these sorties were as a marker in the Pathfinder Force and although he had not volunteered to continue with these duties, on these occasions he made every effort to mark the target as he has previously done to bomb it.

Flight Sergeant Bishop has in all done 31 sorties, comprising 157 hours, thus completing an exceptionably successful operational tour.

BISHOP, F/L Arthur Adelbert, DFM (J15819) - Air Force Cross - No.1651 Conversion Unit (AFRO gives unit only as "Overseas") - Award effective 8 June 1944 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 1729/44 dated 11 August 1944. Award presented 28 September 1946. No citation in Canadian sources. Public Records Office Air 2/9004 has recommended citation and gives unit; drafted when he had 985 non-operational flying hours, 139 in last six months.

This officer has been employed as a flying instructor on heavy bomber aircraft since September 1942 [sic]. During this period, he has given 535 hours dual instruction, proving himself an outstanding pilot and instructor. On 13th October, 1943, Flying Officer Bishop was detailed to give dual instruction to a pupil. Shortly after the take off, the starboard wing suddenly dropped. Flying Officer Bishop, taking over the controls, was able by great skill to keep the aircraft on a level keel by using full left aileron and full power on his starboard engine. He was able to complete a circuit and put his undercarriage down but was unable to put his flaps down. Despite this he made a good flapless landing. The main spar was found to be fractured inboard of the starboard inner engine and the whole wing out of alignment. had it not been for Flying Officer Bishop's outstanding skill, in the face of extreme danger, a crash would have been unavoidable.

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BISHOP, S/L Charles Edward (C3828) - Mention in Despatches - Croft (AFRO gives unit only as "Overseas") - Award effective 14 June 1945 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 1395/45 dated 31 August 1945. Home in St.James, Manitoba; enlisted Winnipeg, 15 February 1941. DHist file 181.009 D.4364 (RG.24 Vol.20648) has recommendation for an OBE dated 1 February 1945.

This officer has served as Senior Administrative Officer on this unit since 10 September 1944. He has been confronted by most trying and difficult tasks in reorganizing the station services and administrative functions of the unit, and the growing efficiency of the station are due to his outstanding and dogged determination under long hours of work outside his normal duties. He has overcome administrative difficulties of the most trying nature, displaying initiative and ability of the highest degree. His efforts in the personal welfare of the airmen are most meritorious and worthy of the highest commendation. His deportment, loyalty and cheerfulness throughout are exemplary.

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BISHOP, F/L Edward McDonald (J15156) - Croix de Guerre (France) - No.65 Squadron (AFRO gives unit only as " Overseas") - Awarded as per AFRO 1619/45 dated 19 October 1945. Home in Ottawa; enlisted there 4 October 1940. Trained at No.1 ITS (graduated 21 December 1940), No.13 EFTS (graduated 10 February 1941) and No.9 SFTS (graduated 4 May 1941). Flew two tours (first in West Africa). Public Records Office Air 2/9645 has citation.

Flight Lieutenant Bishop, who is serving on his second tour of operations, participated in much operational flying during the liberation of France and rendered valuable service. During these operations he proved himself to be an extremely dashing and forceful leader. Flight Lieutenant Bishop personally destroyed many enemy motor transport vehicles, barges and trains and was a source of inspiration to his fellow pilots.

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BISHOP, F/O George Russel (J29887) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.153 Squadron - Award effective 5 July 1945 as per London Gazette dated 17 July 1945 and AFRO 1558/45 dated 5 October 1945. Born 1920 in Nanton, Alberta; home in Port Arthur, Ontario (farmer); enlisted Calgary, 13 February 1941. Trained at No.2 ITS (graduated 8 May 1941), No.16 EFTS (graduated 3 July 1941) and No.4 SFTS (graduated 13 September 1941). Commissioned August 1943. Award presented 14 June 1949. No citation other than "in recognition of gallantry and devotion to duty in the execution of air operations against the enemy". Public Records Office Air 2/9081 has recommendation dated 11 March 1945 when he had flown 37 sorties (230 hours), 5 October 1944 to 7 March 1945.

5 Oct 44 Saarbrucken 29 Dec 44 Gelsenkirchen

7 Oct 44 Emmerich 31 Dec 44 Osterfeld

14 Oct 44 Duisburg 2 Jan 45 Nuremburg

19 Oct 44 Stuttgart 5 Jan 45 Royan

23 Oct 44 Essen 7 Jan 45 Munich

25 Oct 44 Essen 22 Jan 45 Duisburg

28 Oct 44 Cologne 1 Feb 45 Ludwigshaven

30 Oct 44 Cologne 3 Feb 45 Bottrop

9 Nov 44 Wanne Eickel 7 Feb 45 Cleve

16 Nov 44 Duren 13 Feb 45 Dresden

18 Nov 44 Wanne Eickel 14 Feb 45 GARDENING

21 Nov 44 Aschaffenburg 20 Feb 45 Dortmund

3 Dec 44 Urft Dam 23 Feb 45 Pforzheim

4 Dec 44 Karlsruhe 24 Feb 45 GARDENING

12 Dec 44 Essen 1 Mar 45 Mannheim

15 Dec 44 Ludwigshaven 2 Mar 45 Cologne

17 Dec 44 Ulm 3 Mar 45 GARDENING

22 Dec 44 Coblenz 7 Mar 45

27 Dec 44 Rheydt

This Canadian captain of aircraft has now completed a successful tour of operations against the enemy. His targets include such heavily defended areas as Essen, Nuremburg, Munich and Dresden.

Throughout his tour, Flight Lieutenant Bishop has pressed home his attacks with the utmost vigour and has displayed a total disregard of personal safety in the face of heavy and accurate anti-aircraft fire.

The successful completion of his crew's tour was in a large measure due to this officer's resourcefulness, initiative and skilful airmanship.

His commendable courage and devotion to duty make him well worthy of the award of the Distinguished Flying Cross.

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BISHOP, P/O Hubert George (J92591) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.431 Squadron (deceased) - Award effective 10 May 1945 as per London Gazette dated 25 May 1945 and AFRO 1291/45 dated 10 August 1945. Born 1915 in Catalina, Newfoundland; home and wife in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia (toll investigator); enlisted 17 September 1943 in Toronto. Trained at No.9 BGS (graduated 7 April 1944). Commissioned November 1944. Killed in action 11 March 1945 (Lancaster KB853). Award sent by registered mail to next of kin by Governor General, 2 December 1946. No citation other than "completed...numerous operations against the enemy in the course of which [he has] invariably displayed the utmost fortitude, courage and devotion to duty." DHist file 181.009 D.3260 (RG.24 Vol.20637) has recommendation for DFM dated 12 December 1944 when he had flown 22 sorties (104 hours five minutes), 9 August to 2 December 1944.

As rear gunner this NCO has a quiet, efficient manner, which has been a source of great confidence to his crew. Sergeant Bishop has completed twenty-two successful sorties over France and Germany, and possesses the ability to make instant decisions in an emergency combined with a strong sense of duty and personal courage. He has completely justified the faith which his comrades placed in his vigilance during their long, hazardous flights.

DHist file 181.009 D.5526 (RG.24 Vol.20667) has another recommendation, this one dated 24 February 1945 for a DFC. By then he had completed 32 sorties (180 hours 29 minutes), 9 August 1944 to 21 February 1945.

As a rear gunner this officer has a quiet, efficient manner, which has been a source of great confidence to his crew. Pilot Officer Bishop has completed thirty-two successful sorties over France and Germany, and possesses the ability to make instant decisions in an emergency combined with a strong sense of duty and personal courage. He has completely justified the faith which his comrades placed in his vigilance during their long, hazardous flights.

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BISHOP, A/M William Avery, VC, DSO, MC, DFC (C235) - Commander, Order of the Bath - AFHQ (Director of Air Force Recruiting) - Award effective 26 May 1944 as per London Gazette dated of that date and AFRO 1380/44 dated 30 June 1944. Born in Owen Sound, Ontario, 8 February 1894. Attended RMC; served in 4th Battalion, 7th Canadian Mounted Rifles; went overseas, transferred to RFC.

Air Marshal Bishop's record prior to this war is well known. At the outbreak of war he offered his services as Director of Recruiting and since that time he has contributed in no small way to the success of the Royal Canadian Air Force in obtaining a surplus of aircrew. His duties have entailed long and extensive travel and through his untiring efforts and unflagging zeal he has maintained and enhanced the respect of not only the Royal Canadian Air Force, but of the citizens of the Dominion of Canada.

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BISS, FS Frederick Stephen (R182231) - British Empire Medal - No.7 Photo Wing - Award effective 1 January 1946 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 82/46 dated 25 January 1946. Home in Toronto; enlisted there 27 July 1942. Award sent by registered mail 21 December 1949.

This non-commissioned officer has been employed as a photographer at this unit for over four and a half years. Throughout this period he has been accredited with countless excellently produced projects. He has worked indefatigably with such precise skill as to win the respect and praise of all those who have seen his work or been associated with him. He has done much to improve the standard of work of those under him, thus inspiring the confidence of all. His contribution to the efficiency and production of photography in the Royal Canadian Air Force has been outstanding.

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BISSETT, FS (now P/O) Jack Montgomery (R95231/J16991) - Distinguished Flying Medal - No.78 Squadron - Award effective 7 May 1943 as per London Gazette dated 14 May 1943 and AFRO 1078/43 dated 11 June 1943. Born 1920. Home in St.Vital, Manitoba (clerk); enlisted Winnipeg, 4 March 1941. Trained at No.4 ITS (graduated 18 August 1941), No.8 EFTS (graduated 5 October 1941), and No.3 SFTS (graduated 2 January 1942). Award presented 30 November 1943. Killed in action with No.427 Squadron, 30/31 January 1944 (Halifax LV898).

Flight Sergeant Bissett has displayed great courage and determination to accomplish his tasks successfully. He has taken part in many sorties including attacks on various targets in the well defended Ruhr area. A fearless captain, his fine example has proved inspiring.

NOTE: Public Records Air 2/8950 has original recommendation with sortie list, dated 21 March 1943. He had flown 26 sorties (160 hours 39 minutes); recommended citation differs markedly and yet has no real added data.

8 Sep 42 Duisburg (5.15)

20 Nov 42 Turin (9.11) Heavy fires seen in town.

26 Nov 42 GARDENING (4.00)

28 Nov 42 Turin (9.40) Many large fires seen.

2 Dec 42 Frankfurt (8.15) Small scattered fires seen.

14 Dec 42 GARDENING (3.44) Parachutes seen to open.

17 Dec 42 GARDENING (7.00) Vegetables brought back.

14 Jan 43 Lorient (5.25)

27 Jan 43 Dusseldorf (5.15) Incendiaries seen to be well alight

29 Jan 43 Lorient (6.01)

2 Feb 43 Cologne (5.08) Town lit up by numerous fires.

3 Feb 43 Hamburg (7.00) Glow of fires seen through clouds.

7 Feb 43 Lorient (5.02) Many fires seen; glow observed from English coast.

11 Feb 43 Wilhelmshaven (5.00) Very large explosions followed by large fire.

13 Feb 43 Lorient (5.31) Fires seen in dock area.

14 Feb 43 Cologne (5.05) Glow of many fires seen through clouds.

16 Feb 43 Lorient (5.16) A very wide area of fires; huge conflagration.

18 Feb 43 Wilhelmshaven (5.17) Bomb bursts observed; very successful operation.

19 Feb 43 Wilhelmshaven (4.57) Many fires observed.

25 Feb 43 Nuremburg (8.37) Incendiaries seen starting fires at beginning of attack.

26 Feb 43 Cologne (6.36) Whole town covered with fires.

28 Feb 43 St.Nazaire (6.05) Many bursts observed in target area.

3 Mar 43 Hamburg (6.00) Nine large fires counted in target area.

5 Mar 43 Essen (5.38) Large explosion seen followed by many fires.

8 Mar 43 Nuremburg (7.39) Bomb bursts distinguished around marker flares.

9 Mar 43 Munich (8.23) Many fires seen starting in target area; terrific explosion also seen.

Flight Sergeant Bissett is one of the keenest captains in the squadron and has always shown the greatest courage and determination throughout his tour, in the course of which he has attacked some of the most heavily defended areas in Germany. He has always set an example to those who worked with him, and is a real asset to the squadron.

BISSETT, F/O Jack Montgomery, DFM (J16991) - Mention in Despatches - No.1664 HCU - Award effective 14 January 1944 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 874/44 dated 21 April 1944. AFRO says No.423 Squadron but this is clearly wrong. Identified in No.6 Group Monthly Summary of Operational and Training Activities (January 1944), as being with No.1664 HCU (and so given here). DHist file 181.009 D.2993 (National Archives RG.24 Volume 20634) has recommendation for an MiD which is stamped 25 January 1944 but may reflect the sort of work for which an earlier recommendation could have been submitted. He was described as a flying instructor at No.1664 Heavy Conversion Unit, and the text was as follows:

This officer has been an outstanding personality and an extremely efficient instructor in No.1664 Heavy Conversion Unit since it was formed in May 1943. His general interest in all branches of training has been an uplifting influence on the growth of the unit and the morale of pupils and instructors alike. He is strongly recommended for Mention in Despatches.

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BITTNER, F/O Irvine Joseph (J86219) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.514 Squadron - Award effective 5 April 1945 as per London Gazette dated 13 April 1945 and AFRO 824/45 dated 18 May 1945. Born 1923 in Saskatchewan; home in Forest Gate, Saskatchewan (student); enlisted Regina, 26 June 1942. Trained at No.2 ITS (graduated 2 January 1943), No.15 EFTS (graduated 19 March 1943) and No.11 SFTS (graduated 23 July 1943). Commissioned May 1944. Award presented in Vancouver, 18 May 1954. No citation other than "completed... numerous operations against the enemy in the course of which [he has] invariably displayed the utmost courage and devotion to duty." Public Records Office Air 2/9059 has recommendation dated 27 December 1944 when he had flown 30 sorties (126 hours 15 minutes), 18 August to 27 December 1944.

18 Aug 44 Bremen (5.25) 2 Nov 44 Homberg (3.55)

31 Aug 44 Pont Remy (3.15) 5 Nov 44 Solingen (4.25)

20 Sep 44 Calais (3.00) 8 Nov 44 Homberg (4.20)

23 Sep 44 Neuse (4.00) 16 Nov 44 Heinsburg (3.50)

25 Sep 44 Calais (3.05) 28 Nov 44 Neuss (4.15)

27 Sep 44 Calais (2.45) 30 Nov 44 Osterfeld (3.55)

7 Oct 44 Emmerich (4.00) 3 Dec 44 Dortmund (4.00)

14 Oct 44 Duisburg (4.00) 5 Dec 44 Hamm (4.40)

15 Oct 44 Wilhelmshaven (4.40) 8 Dec 44 Duisburg (4.10)

19 Oct 44 Stuttgart (4.55) 11 Dec 44 Osterfeld (4.20)

21 Oct 44 Flushing (2.45) 12 Dec 44 Witten (2.10), DNCO

23 Oct 44 Essen (5.30) 15 Dec 44 Siegen (2.10), DNCO

25 Oct 44 Essen (4.10) 16 Dec 44 Siegen (5.15)

28 Oct 44 Flushing (2.30) 21 Dec 44 Trier (4.50)

29 Oct 44 Westkapelle (2.40) 23 Dec 44 Trier (4.45)

31 Oct 44 Bottrop (4.45) 27 Dec 44 Rheydt (3.50)

Flying Officer Bittner has so far completed thirty operations as pilot and captain of Lancaster aircraft. Almost all of these attacks have been made on German targets, both by day and by night, in face of very heavy ground opposition and the threat of fighter attacks.

As a captain of aircraft and as an operational pilot, Flying Officer Bittner has proved himself to be extremely capable and determined, successfully attacking the target on all occasions in spite of the fiercest enemy defences and often in very bad weather conditions. On one occasion this determination and courage was particularly displayed when Flying Officer Bittner carried out an attack on Essen during the night of October 23rd, 1944, despite very severe icing on his aircraft.

He has many times in daylight sorties carried special bombing equipment which demands a long and straight bombing run. Regardless of the severity of the enemy defences he has constantly made full use of this equipment with the greatest skill and courage.

In recognition of these qualities and his extremely valuable work in operations, Flying Officer Bittner is strongly recommended for the award of the Distinguished Flying Cross.

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BITZ, F/L Frank Joseph (J11140) - Croix de Guerre (France) - No.180 Squadron (AFRO gives unit only as "Overseas") - Awarded as per AFRO 1672/45 dated 2 November 1945. Home in Vancouver; enlisted there 26 June 1941. Trained at No.2 ITS (graduated 1 October 1941), No.15 EFTS (graduated 5 December 1941) and No.10 SFTS (graduated 10 April 1942). Public Records Office Air 2/9645 gives unit and citation.

This officer has operated against the most heavily defended targets in France during the period before and after D-Day. Some of his targets include Le Havre, Boulogne, Caen, Dieppe and Rouen. He has displayed [sic, "played" ?] a leading part in the operations which were a prelude to the liberation of France, and led his flight with undaunted courage in all attacks. By day and night he attacked enemy targets in the face of heavy opposition, showing great determination and skill throughout.

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